<UNIX环境高级编程>中的 "apue.h"

/************** 
 * 
 *apueerror.h 
 * 
 *************/  
#include <apue.h>  
#include <stdio.h>  
#include <errno.h> /* for definition of errno */  
  
#include <stdarg.h> /* ISO C variable aruments */  
  
static void err_doit(int, int, const char *, va_list);  
/* 
 * Nonfatal error related to a system call. 
 * Print a message and return. 
 */  
void err_ret(const char *fmt, ...)  
{  
    va_list ap;  
  
    va_start(ap, fmt);  
    err_doit(1, errno, fmt, ap);  
    va_end(ap);  
}  
  
  
/* 
 * Fatal error related to a system call. 
 * Print a message and terminate. 
 */  
void err_sys(const char *fmt, ...)  
{  
    va_list ap;  
  
    va_start(ap, fmt);  
    err_doit(1, errno, fmt, ap);  
    va_end(ap);  
    exit(1);  
}  
  
  
/* 
 * Fatal error unrelated to a system call. 
 * Error code passed as explict parameter. 
 * Print a message and terminate. 
 */  
void err_exit(int error, const char *fmt, ...)  
{  
    va_list ap;  
  
    va_start(ap, fmt);  
    err_doit(1, error, fmt, ap);  
    va_end(ap);  
    exit(1);  
}  
  
  
/* 
 * Fatal error related to a system call. 
 * Print a message, dump core, and terminate. 
 */  
void err_dump(const char *fmt, ...)  
{  
    va_list ap;  
  
    va_start(ap, fmt);  
    err_doit(1, errno, fmt, ap);  
    va_end(ap);  
    abort(); /* dump core and terminate */  
    exit(1); /* shouldn't get here */  
}  
  
  
/* 
 * Nonfatal error unrelated to a system call. 
 * Print a message and return. 
 */  
void err_msg(const char *fmt, ...)  
{  
    va_list ap;  
  
    va_start(ap, fmt);  
    err_doit(0, 0, fmt, ap);  
    va_end(ap);  
}  
  
  
/* 
 * Fatal error unrelated to a system call. 
 * Print a message and terminate. 
 */  
void err_quit(const char *fmt, ...)  
{  
    va_list ap;  
  
    va_start(ap, fmt);  
    err_doit(0, 0, fmt, ap);  
    va_end(ap);  
    exit(1);  
}  
  
  
/* 
 * Print a message and return to caller. 
 * Caller specifies "errnoflag". 
 */  
static void err_doit(int errnoflag, int error, const char *fmt, va_list ap)  
{  
    char buf[MAXLINE];  
   vsnprintf(buf, MAXLINE, fmt, ap);  
   if (errnoflag)  
       snprintf(buf+strlen(buf), MAXLINE-strlen(buf), ": %s",  
         strerror(error));  
   strcat(buf, "\n");  
   fflush(stdout); /* in case stdout and stderr are the same */  
   fputs(buf, stderr);  
   fflush(NULL); /* flushes all stdio output streams */  
}  

apue.h

/* Our own header, to be included before all standard system headers */  
  
#ifndef _APUE_H  
#define _APUE_H  
  
#if defined(SOLARIS)  
#define _XOPEN_SOURCE   500 /* Single UNIX Specification, Version 2  for Solaris 9 */  
#define CMSG_LEN(x) _CMSG_DATA_ALIGN(sizeof(struct cmsghdr)+(x))  
#elif !defined(BSD)  
#define _XOPEN_SOURCE   600 /* Single UNIX Specification, Version 3 */  
#endif  
  
#include <sys/types.h>        /* some systems still require this */  
#include <sys/stat.h>  
#include <sys/termios.h>  /* for winsize */  
#ifndef TIOCGWINSZ  
#include <sys/ioctl.h>  
#endif  
#include <stdio.h>        /* for convenience */  
#include <stdlib.h>       /* for convenience */  
#include <stddef.h>       /* for offsetof */  
#include <string.h>       /* for convenience */  
#include <unistd.h>       /* for convenience */  
#include <signal.h>       /* for SIG_ERR */  
  
#define MAXLINE 4096            /* max line length */  
  
/* 
 * Default file access permissions for new files. 
 */  
#define FILE_MODE   (S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IRGRP | S_IROTH)  
  
/* 
 * Default permissions for new directories. 
 */  
#define DIR_MODE    (FILE_MODE | S_IXUSR | S_IXGRP | S_IXOTH)  
  
typedef void    Sigfunc(int);   /* for signal handlers */  
  
#if defined(SIG_IGN) && !defined(SIG_ERR)  
#define SIG_ERR ((Sigfunc *)-1)  
#endif  
  
#define min(a,b)    ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))  
#define max(a,b)    ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))  
  
/* 
 * Prototypes for our own functions. 
 */  
char    *path_alloc(int *);             /* {Prog pathalloc} */  
long     open_max(void);                /* {Prog openmax} */  
void     clr_fl(int, int);              /* {Prog setfl} */  
void     set_fl(int, int);              /* {Prog setfl} */  
void     pr_exit(int);                  /* {Prog prexit} */  
void     pr_mask(const char *);         /* {Prog prmask} */  
Sigfunc *signal_intr(int, Sigfunc *);   /* {Prog signal_intr_function} */  
  
int      tty_cbreak(int);               /* {Prog raw} */  
int      tty_raw(int);                  /* {Prog raw} */  
int      tty_reset(int);                /* {Prog raw} */  
void     tty_atexit(void);              /* {Prog raw} */  
#ifdef  ECHO    /* only if <termios.h> has been included */  
struct termios  *tty_termios(void);     /* {Prog raw} */  
#endif  
  
void     sleep_us(unsigned int);            /* {Ex sleepus} */  
ssize_t  readn(int, void *, size_t);        /* {Prog readn_writen} */  
ssize_t  writen(int, const void *, size_t); /* {Prog readn_writen} */  
void     daemonize(const char *);           /* {Prog daemoninit} */  
  
int      s_pipe(int *);                 /* {Progs streams_spipe sock_spipe} */  
int      recv_fd(int, ssize_t (*func)(int,  
                 const void *, size_t));/* {Progs recvfd_streams recvfd_sockets} */  
int      send_fd(int, int);             /* {Progs sendfd_streams sendfd_sockets} */  
int      send_err(int, int,  
                  const char *);        /* {Prog senderr} */  
int      serv_listen(const char *);     /* {Progs servlisten_streams servlisten_sockets} */  
int      serv_accept(int, uid_t *);     /* {Progs servaccept_streams servaccept_sockets} */  
int      cli_conn(const char *);        /* {Progs cliconn_streams cliconn_sockets} */  
int      buf_args(char *, int (*func)(int,  
                  char **));            /* {Prog bufargs} */  
  
int      ptym_open(char *, int);    /* {Progs3 ptyopen_streams ptyopen_bsd ptyopen_linux} */  
int      ptys_open(char *);         /* {Progs3 ptyopen_streams ptyopen_bsd ptyopen_linux} */  
#ifdef  TIOCGWINSZ  
pid_t    pty_fork(int *, char *, int, const struct termios *,  
                  const struct winsize *);      /* {Prog ptyfork} */  
#endif  
  
int     lock_reg(int, int, int, off_t, int, off_t); /* {Prog lockreg} */  
#define read_lock(fd, offset, whence, len) \  
            lock_reg((fd), F_SETLK, F_RDLCK, (offset), (whence), (len))  
#define readw_lock(fd, offset, whence, len) \  
            lock_reg((fd), F_SETLKW, F_RDLCK, (offset), (whence), (len))  
#define write_lock(fd, offset, whence, len) \  
            lock_reg((fd), F_SETLK, F_WRLCK, (offset), (whence), (len))  
#define writew_lock(fd, offset, whence, len) \  
            lock_reg((fd), F_SETLKW, F_WRLCK, (offset), (whence), (len))  
#define un_lock(fd, offset, whence, len) \  
            lock_reg((fd), F_SETLK, F_UNLCK, (offset), (whence), (len))  
  
pid_t   lock_test(int, int, off_t, int, off_t);     /* {Prog locktest} */  
  
#define is_read_lockable(fd, offset, whence, len) \  
            (lock_test((fd), F_RDLCK, (offset), (whence), (len)) == 0)  
#define is_write_lockable(fd, offset, whence, len) \  
            (lock_test((fd), F_WRLCK, (offset), (whence), (len)) == 0)  
  
void    err_dump(const char *, ...);        /* {App misc_source} */  
void    err_msg(const char *, ...);  
void    err_quit(const char *, ...);  
void    err_exit(int, const char *, ...);  
void    err_ret(const char *, ...);  
void    err_sys(const char *, ...);  
  
void    log_msg(const char *, ...);         /* {App misc_source} */  
void    log_open(const char *, int, int);  
void    log_quit(const char *, ...);  
void    log_ret(const char *, ...);  
void    log_sys(const char *, ...);  
  
void    TELL_WAIT(void);        /* parent/child from {Sec race_conditions} */  
void    TELL_PARENT(pid_t);  
void    TELL_CHILD(pid_t);  
void    WAIT_PARENT(void);  
void    WAIT_CHILD(void);  
  
#endif  /* _APUE_H */  

如上给出了apue.h和apueerror.h的代码，只需要在apueerror.h中包含apue.h,然后在自己写的源码中包含apueerror.h这个头文件即可.